The Brainstem-Informed Autism Framework: Early Life Neurobehavioral Markers
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have long-term implications on functioning at multiple levels.In this perspective, we offer a brainstem-informed autism framework (BIAF) that traces the protracted neurobehavioral manifestations of ASD to early life brainstem dysfunctions.Early life brainstem-mediated markers involving functions of autonomic/arousal